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Accident – Death – Obituary News : : 1. Kashmir climate parasitic infections
2. Parasitic infections uptick Kashmir climate
Ten-year-old Muhammad Younis from Kishtwar, Kashmir, was diagnosed with cutaneous leishmaniasis, a parasitic disease prevalent in tropical and subtropical areas. He undergoes weekly treatments at the hospital, wearing a mask to hide his embarrassment. This neglected tropical disease has infected over 12 million people globally, with severe cases often ignored until symptoms worsen. Jammu and Kashmir has seen a rise in cases, affecting children the most. Lack of access to proper treatment compounds the issue, with the drug of choice no longer easily available. Efforts are being made to make the treatment more accessible to those in need. She served as convener for the special interest group on neglected tropical diseases under the Indian Association of Dermatologists, Venereologists and Leprologists. The increasing cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis in J&K, previously non-endemic, are linked to climate change, as studies indicate. Population mobility and deforestation near forest zones also contribute to the rise. Research scholar Diksha Kumari emphasizes the need to identify the species causing the disease. The WHO aims to eradicate neglected tropical diseases by 2030. Patients face psychological, physical, and economic challenges due to expensive and scarce treatment options. Urgent measures, including proper registration and drug discovery projects, are needed to combat cutaneous leishmaniasis effectively.
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As cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis continue to rise in Jammu and Kashmir, the story of ten-year-old Muhammad Younis sheds light on the challenges faced by those affected by this neglected tropical disease. Younis, a Class 5 student, has been undergoing treatment for the past two years for the sores on his nose and leg caused by the parasitic infection.
According to his parents, Abdul Kareem and Aamina Bano, the sores initially appeared minor, but worsened over time due to ineffective home remedies. It was only after a visit to the hospital that Younis was diagnosed with cutaneous leishmaniasis and started receiving treatment at Srinagar’s Shri Maharaja Hari Singh Hospital.
Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by various Leishmania species, with symptoms ranging from small skin ulcers to life-threatening systemic infections. It is prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide, affecting millions of people each year. In Jammu and Kashmir, the disease has emerged as a new focus area, with a significant increase in cases reported over the past decade.
Children like Younis account for a large percentage of cutaneous leishmaniasis cases in endemic areas, as their developing immune systems make them more susceptible to the parasite. The disease often presents mild symptoms initially, leading to delayed diagnosis and more severe complications upon seeking medical care.
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Despite the rising incidence of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Jammu and Kashmir, access to effective treatment remains a challenge. The drug of choice, sodium stibogluconate, is no longer easily available in the region, making it difficult for patients to receive proper care. Pharmaceutical companies have shown little interest in manufacturing the drug due to low profitability, further complicating the treatment process.
In response to the lack of availability of essential drugs, health officials have requested support from organizations like the World Health Organization to ensure access to necessary treatments for patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis. Proper medical supervision and a two to three-week course of medication can lead to complete recovery for affected individuals.
As efforts continue to address the growing burden of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Jammu and Kashmir, stories like that of Muhammad Younis highlight the urgent need for improved access to quality healthcare and essential medications for those affected by this debilitating disease.
About the Rising Cases of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Jammu and Kashmir
In recent years, the picturesque region of Jammu and Kashmir has witnessed a concerning trend – a surge in cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis, a disease that was not endemic to the area before. This spike in infections has raised alarm bells among healthcare professionals and researchers alike.
Climate Change and Its Impact
One of the primary contributing factors to the increase in cutaneous leishmaniasis cases in Jammu and Kashmir is climate change. Studies have shown that alterations in temperature, rainfall, and humidity levels directly affect the epidemiology of the disease by influencing the population size, distribution, and survival of sandflies, the vectors responsible for transmitting the infection.
Population Mobility and Deforestation
Furthermore, population mobility plays a significant role in the spread of the disease, as migration and the movement of non-immune individuals into areas with existing transmission cycles can facilitate outbreaks. Additionally, deforestation and the establishment of human colonies near forested areas create ideal habitats for sandfly vectors, further exacerbating the problem.
Research and Drug Discovery Efforts
Efforts are underway to combat the rising cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Jammu and Kashmir. Diksha Kumari, a research scholar at the Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine in Jammu, emphasized the importance of identifying the species causing the disease in the region. This knowledge is crucial for developing targeted treatment strategies, especially considering the existence of more than 21 different species of leishmania.
Challenges and Call for Action
While progress has been made in understanding the clinical aspects of the disease and treatment responses, challenges such as drug resistance and high treatment costs persist. There is a pressing need to discover affordable and effective drugs for cutaneous leishmaniasis. Additionally, making the disease notifiable and establishing a registry can help in assessing the true burden of the illness and formulating robust strategies for its control.
Impact on Patients
Patients suffering from cutaneous leishmaniasis endure physical, psychological, and economic hardships. The lack of access to affordable treatment options, coupled with the stigma associated with the visible sores, compounds their suffering. Individuals like Sahil Khan, a young student from Rajouri, Kashmir, bear the brunt of the disease’s consequences, facing challenges in social interactions and daily activities.
Government Intervention and Future Outlook
Experts stress the importance of governmental support in funding research projects and making treatments accessible to underserved populations. By prioritizing neglected tropical diseases like cutaneous leishmaniasis, policymakers can significantly impact the lives of those affected by these conditions. The World Health Organization has set a target for eradicating neglected tropical diseases by 2030, underscoring the urgency of addressing these health concerns.
This article sheds light on the growing problem of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Jammu and Kashmir, highlighting the need for concerted efforts to tackle this public health challenge.
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