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Lung cancer is one of the most common and deadliest forms of cancer worldwide. According to the American Cancer Society, lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in both men and women, accounting for more deaths than colon, breast, and prostate cancers combined. The main cause of lung cancer is smoking, but non-smokers can also develop the disease due to genetic factors, exposure to environmental toxins, or secondhand smoke.
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Treatment options for lung cancer have traditionally included surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and targeted therapy. However, these treatments are not always effective, and many patients experience disease progression despite undergoing multiple rounds of therapy. In recent years, there has been a breakthrough in the treatment of a specific type of lung cancer known as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with the development of a new drug called Tagrisso.
Tagrisso, also known as osimertinib, is a targeted therapy that is designed to treat patients with NSCLC that has a specific genetic mutation known as EGFR T790M. This mutation is present in about half of patients with NSCLC who have developed resistance to first-line EGFR inhibitors like erlotinib or gefitinib. Tagrisso works by blocking the activity of the mutated EGFR protein, which in turn inhibits the growth and spread of cancer cells.
The approval of Tagrisso by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2015 was a significant milestone in the treatment of NSCLC. Clinical trials have shown that Tagrisso can significantly improve progression-free survival and overall survival in patients with advanced NSCLC who have the EGFR T790M mutation. In fact, some patients have experienced durable responses to Tagrisso, with some remaining cancer-free for years after starting treatment.
One of the key advantages of Tagrisso is its relatively low toxicity compared to traditional chemotherapy. Many patients experience fewer side effects with Tagrisso, such as nausea, hair loss, and fatigue, making it a more tolerable treatment option for those with advanced NSCLC. In addition, Tagrisso is an oral medication that can be taken at home, eliminating the need for frequent hospital visits for intravenous chemotherapy.
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The development of Tagrisso has revolutionized the treatment of NSCLC and has given hope to patients who previously had limited treatment options. For many patients with the EGFR T790M mutation, Tagrisso has become the standard of care as a first-line treatment, either as monotherapy or in combination with other targeted therapies. In addition, ongoing research is exploring the use of Tagrisso in other types of lung cancer and in combination with immunotherapy to further improve outcomes for patients.
In conclusion, Tagrisso represents a major breakthrough in the treatment of NSCLC and has the potential to transform the lives of patients with this devastating disease. By targeting specific genetic mutations in cancer cells, Tagrisso offers a more personalized and effective approach to treatment that can significantly prolong survival and improve quality of life for patients with NSCLC. As research continues to advance, we can expect to see even more innovative therapies like Tagrisso that revolutionize the field of oncology and bring new hope to cancer patients everywhere..
